Subject : Basic Science

Topic : The Human Circulatory System II

Blood, Blood Vessels and Types

Period : Single Period

Duration : 40 minutes

Learning Objectives : By the end of the lesson learners will be able to

I. Define Blood

II. Identify and describe the blood components

III. Explain the blood vessels

IV. List the types of blood vessels.

Key Vocabulary : blood vessels, arteries, veins, capillaries, contraction, relaxation, etc.

Resources & Materials : Stan Basic Science and Technology for Primary Schools, Book 6.

Chart showing the blood vessels.

Building Background/ Connection to Prior knowledge : Learners have been taught blood circulations, the heart and its function as well as blood and its components.

Content :

Blood vessels are tubes through which blood moves round the body. There are three types of blood vessels namely:

I. Arteries : These are blood vessels that carry away blood from the heart. That is, blood flows from the heart to all parts of the body through arteries.

II. Veins : These are blood vessels that carry blood from other parts of the body to the heart.

III. Capillaries : These are tiny network of blood vessels that connects the veins to the arteries. They carry blood between arteries and veins.

Blood Circulation

The circulatory system is the route by which blood moves round the body. It is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels. There are two types of blood circulation in the body. These are : pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation.

I. Pulmonary Circulation : This is a type of circulation in which blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

systemic Circulation : In this type of circulation, blood is pumped from the heart to all the other parts of the body and back to the heart.

The right auricles and ventricle contains blood with less oxygen and more carbon dioxide. The left auricles and ventricle contains blood with more oxygen that comes from the lungs.

The heart is filled with blood, as a result of the relaxation of the involuntary muscles of the heart called cardiac muscles.

When the muscles of the heart contract, pumps blood out through the right and left ventricles into the pulmonary arteries and aorta respectively.

The blood in the pulmonary arteries goes to the lungs and the blood in the aorta goes to other parts of the body. The presence valves prevent the blood from flowing back to the heart. When the heart is relaxed, blood returns to the heart from the veins through the vena cava to the right auricles and through the pulmonary veins to the left auricles. The blood that moves into the body cells is more oxygenated.

Strategies & Activities :

Step 1 : The teacher revises the previous lesson with the learners by asking them questions orally, to arouse their interest.

Step 2 : He then introduce the new Lesson to the learners by asking them, “what helps to carry or distribute blood round the body?” After several responses from the learners, the teacher then explains and describe the blood vessels.

Step 3 : He then identify and list the types of blood vessels and state their functions.

Step 4 :The teacher then explains the processes of blood circulation in the body to the learners.

Evaluation / Assessment :

1. What are blood vessels?
2. List the three types of blood vessels
3. The blood vessel that carry away blood from the heart to all parts of the body is called _________________.
4. What are veins? ______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Mention the two types of blood circulation in the human body.
6. ___________________ is the type of circulation whereby blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again.
7. ________________ and _________________ of the involuntary muscles of the heart leads to pumping of blood.

Conclusion / Wrap up : The teacher summarizes the lesson for a better understanding and makes necessary corrections.

Assignment : Draw the process of blood circulation.