First Term Lesson Note for Week Two
Class : Primary Six
Subject : Basic Science
Topic : Adaptation and Interdependence (Plant and light)
Duration : 40 Minutes
Period : Single Period
Reference Book :
- Basic Science for Primary Schools, Book 6.
- Lagos State Unified schemes of work for Upper Primary, (Primary 4 – 6).
- Online Resources
Instructional Material : Chart showing some adaptive features in plants and animals.
Learning Objectives : By the end of the lesson learners will be able to :
i. Define Adaptation
ii. Identify types of adaptation
iii. Explains each types of adaptation and give examples.
Content :
Adaptation are the features and characteristics that allow every organism to live successively in its habitat.
Organism within a community compete with each other for the limited resources including water, light and space. Also, they depend on each other for food and survival.
Light is essential for plants healthy growth because it helps them to make their food. It is trapped in the green pigment (colouring) called chlorophyll in their leaves. This process is known as photosynthesis. A plant that is exposed to less light or grows in the absence of light will surely
1. Be weak and spindly
2. Have a pale yellowish leaves which can later turn brown and fall.
Types of Adaptation
Adaptation is generally classified into three main types :
i. Physical
ii. Physiological
iii. Behavioural
Physical adaptations are special body parts such as shapes, skin color that help the organisms to survive in their natural habitat.
Examples of physical adaptations : thickness of an animals fur help them to survive in cold environment. The shape of a birds beak helps them to eat food as well as make nests. Camel long legs, eyelids and hump are all examples of adaptation.
Animals depend on their physical structure to help them find and eat food, build shelters, protect themselves from predators and reproduce.
Behavioural Adaptation : is the changing of the behavior of an animal to survive in its environment. Behavioural adaptation are mostly learnt and not inherited.
Diurnality is trait of an organism that is active during the day, while Norcturnality describe the trait that are active during the night.
Some examples of behavioural adaptations.
Some geese fly south in the fall to stay warm and find food during winter. Sloth moves very slowly through trees making them have spot.
Animal adaptation in Desert. (Dry, arid climate with little rain.
Humps help to store fat which a camel breaks down into water and energy in the scarcity of food and water.
Two rows of long eyelashes and thick eyebrows help to keep out sand and sun.
Narrow nostrils and hairy ears also help to survive.
Presentation Steps :
Step 1 : The teacher revises the previous lesson with the learners.
Step 2 : Introduces the new topic by defining adaptation
Step 3 : List the types of adaptation and explains with examples
Step 4 : Identify some adaptation features in some plants and animals
Evaluation :
1. What is adaptation?
2. List the types of adaptation.
3. State two adaptation features that helps camel to survive in a desert.
4. _______________ is an example of plant that can survive in a desert.
5. A desert is a ____________, ___________ with little or no rain.
Conclusion : At the end of the lesson learners were able to answer the questions correctly.
