Third Term Lesson Note for Week
Class: Primary 5
Subject: English Grammar
Topic: Direct and Indirect Speech.
Duration : 80 minutes
Period : Double Periods
Reference Book :
- Nigerian Primary English Pupil’s Book 4.
- Progressive English for Schools and Colleges.
- Lagos State Unified Scheme of work for Primary Schools (Primary 4 – 6)
- Online Resources
Instructional Material : Chart showing rules of changing direct speech to indirect speech.
Learning Objectives : By the end of the lesson learners will be able to :
i. Define Direct speech and indirect speech
ii. State the rules of changing direct speech to indirect speech.
Content :
A direct speech involves the actual words used by a speaker. The exact words spoken are marked in quotation marks (inverted commas ” ”).
For examples:
i. Kofi said, ‘I want to eat rice.’
ii. Sam said, ‘We are tired.’
iii. ‘I am the messenger of the powerful mermaid,’ he said.
Indirect Speech is also known as reported speech. It is formed by repeating what the speaker has said.
In this case, quotation marks are not used and the introduction of the conjunction, ‘that’.
But sometimes other words such as : asked, told ordered can be used.
For examples:
i. Kofi said that he wanted to eat rice.
ii. Sam said that they were tired.
iii. He said that he was the messenger of the powerful mermaid.
Many changes take place when a direct speech is turned into an Indirect Speech.
1. Changes in tense usually take place; for example a simple present tense changes to simple past tense, present continuous to past continuous, etc.
2. Removal of quotation marks.
3. Introduction of the conjunction ‘that’, after said.
4. Some common rules should also be followed:
- Today becomes that day;
- Tomorrow becomes the next day or the following day;
- Last week becomes the previous week.
5. Changes in the pronouns:
- I becomes he or she;
- We becomes they;
- Me becomes him or her;
- Mine becomes his or hers
- He or she becomes they.
Presentation Steps :
Step 1 : Revises the previous lesson with the learners by asking questions orally.
Step 2 : Introduces the new topic by defining direct and indirect speech.
Step 3 : Identify the features of direct speech.
Step 4 : State the rules applied in changing direct speech to indirect speech.
Evaluation :
Answer the following questions:
1. Change from direct to Indirect Speech.
a) Jane said, “I have paid my school fees.”
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b) “Nigeria is in West Africa,” the teacher said.
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c) “Have you seen the head teacher?” Justina asked Stella.
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2.) Change from Indirect to direct speech.
a.) The man said that he was traveling that day.
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b.) Tope said that she was hungry.
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Conclusion : At the end of the lesson learners were able to answer the following questions.
Assignment :
1. Mention four rules applied in changing direct speech to indirect speech.
i. ____________________________________________
ii. ___________________________________________
iii. __________________________________________
iv. __________________________________________