Concept of Government- Primary 4- 2nd Term – Social Studies

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2nd Term / Term 2

Week: Week 3

Class: Primary 4/ Basic 4/ Grade 4

Subject : Social Studies

Topic :Concept of Government

Duration: 40 minutes

 

Previous Knowledge : Learners have been taught meaning of citizenship and right of citizen

 

Reference Materials : Social Studies for primary schools, Book 4.

 

Instructional Materials : Pictures and charts showing the concept of government

 

Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson, learners will be able to :

i. Define government

ii. Identify and explains the forms of government

iii. List the arms of government and state their functions

 

CONTENT:

Meaning of Government

A government is the group of persons elected or appointed to govern or rule a country. Every country has government which direct the country’s affairs. However, they operate differently.

 

Forms of government 

There are various types of government that a country may have:
Autocracy:
This is a form of government in which a single leader or party has absolute country over all the citizens of the country. There are different types of autocracies. Some of them are:
(a) Dictatorship : A dictatorship is a government by a single person or group that is not responsible to the people or the elected members of government. For a long time Nigeria was under a military dictatorship. This happens when military officers overthrow the government in what is calked a coup.
(b) Monarchy :  Monarchy is another type of autocracy government. This is a form of government that usually has a king or a queen as the head of the country. Most monarchs inherit the throne from family members and their reign as head of state is for life. Example of a country that has this form of government is Swaziland. Not all monarchies are autocratic, however. A king or queen may rule alongside a democratic government. An example is the United Kingdom, where the Queen rules with a democratically elected prime minister.

A king as an example of monarchy government.

Democracy:
This is a form of government in which the people have the power to elect their leaders. There are different types of democratic governments. Some of them are:
(a) Presidential Government: This is a type of democratic government in which the government has three arms: the legislative arm which makes the laws, the executive arm which carries out the laws, and the judicial arm which interprets the law and punishes offenders. In this type of government, the president is the head of state as well as the head of the government. Nigeria has a presidential system of government. The United States of America also has a presidential government.
(b) Parliamentary Government: This is a type of democratic government in which the power to make and execute laws is held by a parliament. A parliament is an assembly of people who makes laws and discuss the country’s affairs. The United Kingdom has a Parliamentary system of government. Nigeria also had a parliamentary system of government between 1959 and 1966.
How Governments are Organized
Every countries organize their governments in different ways. They include:
1. Unitary System of Government
This is a system of government where power rests with the country’s central government. France, Italy, Japan and the United Kingdom are examples of countries that practice the unitary system of government.
2. Federal System of Government
A federal system of government develops when a number of states come together to form a union or nation. In this system, the power of the government are shared between the central government, the state and local governments. Nigeria has a federal system of government. United States and Canada are other countries that practice the federal system of government.
The Federal system of government under democracy.

PRESENTATION: 

Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic taught with the learners.

Step 2: He/ She introduces the new topic

Step 3: He / She explains the lesson to the learners based on the stated objectives

Step 4: He/ She makes the lesson to be interactive with group discussions

Step 5: He / She then rap up the lesson by emphasizing on the salient points.

 

EVALUATION: The teacher reviews the lesson by asking the following questions:

1. What is government? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Mention three forms of government:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What form of government does Nigeria have?  _______________________________________

4. In the presidential system of government, the three separate branches are : ______________________,  _______________________ and ___________________________.

 

Conclusion : At the end of the lesson, learners were able to answer the questions correctly, while the teacher makes some corrections.

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