Second Term / Term 2
Class : Primary 4/ Basic 4/ Grade 4
Subject: Agricultural Science
Topic : Materials for growing crop
Duration: 40 minutes
Previous Knowledge : Learners have been taught method of farm produce preservation.
Reference Materials: Agricultural Science for Primary Schools, Book 4, by Wasiu Akinosun., Online Resources
Instructional Materials : Charts showing simple farm tools and different plant parts for raising crop
Behavioural Objectives : By the end of the lesson, learners will be able to :
i. identify simple farm tools used for growing crops and their uses
ii. mention the part of plant used for raising crops.
Content:
Meaning of crop propagation and types
Crop propagation is a method of growing new plants from seeds or from parts of existing plants. It means crop reproduction. Crop propagation occurs in nature to ensure survival and spread of species. It is also uses commercially to produce seeds and plants for agriculture, horticulture and forestry.
Crop propagation can also be said to be the method being used by farmers in order to raise the number of his plants.
There are two types of crop propagation namely: Sexual propagation and Asexual propagation
i. Sexual Propagation: This involves the use of seeds to plant crops.
ii. Asexual Propagation : This is also known as vegetative propagation. It is the growing of new plants from a leaf, stem, or root of a single parent plant. It is the use of plant vegetative part to cultivate or produce the crop. The processes involved are: cutting, grafting, layering and budding.
Examples of crops that seed materials are used to grow them are beans, maize, millet, groundnut, soya beans, rice, etc.
Examples of crops that plant materials are used to grow are: yam, cassava, onion, sugarcane, etc.
In growing crops, the land is prepared before planting is carried out. The following are activities performed before sowing the seed.
i. Clearing of land
ii. ploughing
iii. harrowing
iv. tilling the soil
v. stumping
The sowing of seed is the planting of seed or the plant parts in the soil.
After planting is done, some other activities are carried out. These includes: application of fertilizer, watering, weeding, harvesting, etc.
PRESENTATION:
Step 1: The teacher revises the previous topic taught with the learners.
Step 2: He/ She introduces the new topic
Step 3: He / She explains the lesson to the learners based on the stated objectives
Step 4: He/ She makes the lesson to be interactive with group discussions
Step 5: He / She then rap up the lesson by emphasizing on the salient points.
EVALUATION:
The teacher reviews the lesson by asking the following questions:
1. What is crop propagation? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Mention one use of crop propagation.
_______________________________________
3. Sexual propagation is the use of _______________________________
4. Asexual propagation is also known as vegetative propagation. (True / False)
5. Mention two examples of crops that propagate sexually. ____________________, _____________________.
Conclusion: At the end of the lesson, learners were able to answer the questions correctly, while the teacher makes some corrections where necessary.
Assignment:
1. Fertilizer is an important material needed for growing crops. (True / False)
2. Weeding is the removal of _________________ plants from our farmland.
3. Mention three activities carried out before planting is done.
____________________________,
____________________________
____________________________